EVALUATION OF SOME CLINICAL, LABORATORY, AND GENETIC MUTATIONS OF TP53 GENE IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA PATIENTS

Abstract

The most common kind of leukemia in the world is chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Malignant clonal development and an overproduction of mature B-lymphocytes are frequently detected in older persons. TP53 mutations in CLL patients are also associated with a significantly worse survival rate and poor response to treatment. Furthermore, have been associated with poor prognostic in a range of cancers. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iraq and included 63 patients with newly diagnosed CLL, as well as follow-up and on-treatment cases. Peripheral blood was tested, and the disease stage was assessed by RAI and Binet staging, as well as immunophenotyping via flow cytometry. TP53 variants were discovered by PCR amplicon sequencing using the bidirectional Sanger method. Patients included in this study presented with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly. The Rai and Binet progression stages of CLL disease are employed. The Rai staging system has five stages: 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, representing 17%, 40%, 10%, 22%, and 11% of patients, respectively. Similarly, Binet staging recognized sickness phases (A) 67%, (B) 11%, and (C) 22%. TP53 mutations were 93% variant-type mutations and 7% wild-type mutations. All possible genotypes were successfully identified, and genotype frequencies for TP53 gene variants across various SNPs in CLL patients were evaluated The conclusion was revealed. SNP28-29insA, 38T>G SNP, and 48-49insT are all novel SNPs found in the intron sequences of the TP53 gene. All additional SNPs with no frequency are in the dbSNP database. With no significant associated risk factors for CLL.