DESCRIPTION OF THE ADRENAL GLAND HISTOCHEMISTRY, BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY IN RABBIT ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS

Abstract

Objective: This study was intended to give insight on the histochemical, biochemical, and physiological characteristics of an adult rabbit's adrenal gland. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on nine animals. Adrenal tissue samples were obtained from various locations of the gland, fixed with formalin, and processed for light microscopy. Results: The current investigation indicated that adrenal glands are surrounded by a big, well-developed capsule and an adrenal cortex. This cortex is divided into three zones: glomerulosa, fasciculate, and reticularis. The glomerulosa was a layer directly beneath the capsules. This zone's cells are big and prominent, with huge nuclei that form columnar cords supported by many capillaries, fasciculate was largest zone in the adrenal cortex, made up of long straight cords of enormous polyhydral secretory cells, reticularis was cortex's deepest layer, made up of an extremely brief anastomosing network of secretory cell cords separated by sinusoids. These cells tend to be more deeply stained than other zones. The medulla was composed of large pale-staining hexagonal cells organized in little anastomosing strings secured by reticular fiber; these cells have been separated by sinusoids which intervene in adjacent cords; and autonomic ganglionic cells, that are large cells that can be noticed alone or in groups. In medulla, epinephrine secreting cells were large spherical cells with light acidic contents and ovoid enormous prominent dark nuclei with numerous nucleoli. The smaller cells with brownish nuclei are nor epinephrine cells, which were incorporated in into the previous cells, sinusoidal capillaries, the adrenal medulla secretes a number of hormones, Epinephrine and norepinephrine -secreting cells were response increases heart rate and respiratory rate performance, while also stimulating primordial cells of capsule and glomerulosa cells, resulting in the body's homeostasis being adjusted and efficient. Conclusion: The study found that the rabbit had an efficient developed adrenal gland. Both cortex and medulla exhibit cell divisions.