METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ASSESSING MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE UMBILICAL CORD IN FETOPLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY: RESEARCH RESULTS

Abstract

Analysis of the modern morphological classification and features of the main lesions of the placenta.

Materials and methods. A literature review of the modern international morphological classification of placental lesions developed by the Amsterdam Working Group on Placental Studies (2014) is presented. According to this classification, all changes in the placenta are grouped into three groups: so-called vascular diseases, inflammation, and others. Vascular diseases are divided into two subgroups: maternal and fetal diseases, which in turn are divided into disorders of development, perfusion and integrity of blood vessels. Inflammatory lesions are also divided into two groups: inflammatory-infectious and immune (idiopathic). Other placental lesions include placental abruption, placental shape abnormalities, and umbilical cord attachment.

Results. It is noted that the main task of the morphological classification is to adopt a consensus on the definition and characteristics of the main placental lesions in order to determine their clinical significance and use them in research practice in order to develop targeted interventions. The modern terminology of the placenta and its structures, presented in the Russian version of the International Embryological Terminology, is also given. Later, the features of taking samples of placenta tissue for histological examination are shown.