THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION ON WHEAT AND BARLEY CROPS IN SOME PROVENANCE OF IRAQ

Abstract

This work investigates the effect of two important climate parameters (temperature and precipitation) on the cultivation and production of wheat and barley crops in the period 2015–2021.it was analyzed the relationship between crop productivity and two climatic variables for three Iraqi stations, Baghdad, Diyala, and Maysan, with the aim of revealing the potential climatic conditions for their cultivation and production in those stations. Where climate change affects agriculture in several ways, including: changes in temperature rates, precipitation, and extreme weather fluctuations (such as: heat waves); changes in pests and diseases. This study was based on production data and climate data, Climate data Daily data on minimum and maximum temperatures and precipitation in three stations had been collected from the Iraqi meteorological organization and seismology (the Climate Center) in Baghdad, for the period 2015–2021. As for Crop production data was collected from the ministry of planning, central bureau of statistics, wheat and barley reports (published data). The results showed that the relationship between wheat productivity and the annual average temperature was positively correlated in Baghdad, where it was negative in Maysan and Diyala, while the correlation between wheat productivity and precipitation was positive before 2020 in Baghdad, and was negatively correlated in Maysan and Diyala. Whereas for the barley crop, it was negatively correlated with the average annual temperature over the entire study area (Baghdad, Maysan, and Diyala). And was also negatively related to precipitation in all three stations.