RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV-TB CO-INFECTION AMONG CLINIC ATTENDEES IN DOTS AND ART CENTRES IN IBADAN, NIGERIA

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection form a very serious public health menace in Nigeria. Among patients confirmed to have been infected with either of the disease, co-infection with the other is highly prevalent. However, comprehensive studies focusing on the distributions and correlates of TB/HIV co-infections among Patients attending TB clinics in Ibadan are lacking in the literature. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with hiv-tb co-infection among clinic attendees in dots and art centres in Ibadan, Nigeria . A cross-sectional study design was carried out among 500 TB/ HIV clinic participants in Ibadan, Nigeria. A straightforward irregular testing strategy was utilized to choose 8 TB clinics in Ibadan from the list of all clinics advertising THCS in Ibadan. A questionnaire survey was utilized to inspire data on TB/HIV status, chance components and information of HIV and TB from all members who agreed to be met. Graphic insights, Chi-square test and calculated relapse were utilized for information investigation at 5% level of critical. Cruel age of the patients was 33.98±13.15 a long time. The overall prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection among the participants was found to be (41.6%). Prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection were highest (11.2% and 14.8%) among participants in age group 20-29 years and 30-39 years respectively. More females (25.2%) than males (16.4%) had been infected with TB/HIV co- infection. While the prevalence was 20.6% and 16.4% among the married and the unmarried respectively. Results of the Chi-square test show that TB/HIV co-infection was found to be associated with History of the use of TB and HIV drugs defaults, Multiple sex partners, Paid sex, Marital status and occupation of participants. Also, Multiple sex partners (OR = 6.0, 95% CI: 2.4-15.0), Extra-vaginal intercourse (OR= 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1- 0.8) and Paid sex (OR= 0.1, 95% CI: 0.5-0.7) were found to be associated with TB/HIV co-infection among the participants. The study revealed that a higher prevalence of co-infection was observed among 10-49 years age group. This implies that the productive age group bears the brunt of TB/HIV co-infection. It was also found that participants with multiple sex partner (OR=6.01) those whose partners are residing with them(OR=1.45) and those with formal education(OR=1.59) are more likely to have TB/HIV co-infection while those with History of anti-TB drug default(OR=0.54), History of anti-retroviral drug default(OR=0.49), those who practice Extra-vaginal intercourse(OR=0.346) and paid sex(OR=0.19) are less likely to be TB/HIV co-infected. TB/HIV control programs that educate people on the prevalence and focus on these subgroups are likely to decrease the joint burden of TB and HIV.