Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Pregnancy: Occurrence, Course, and Complications (Literature Review)
Keywords:
Autoimmune Thyroiditis (AIT), Pregnancy, Maternal Health, Neonatal Outcomes, Thyroid Dysfunction, Preterm Birth, Miscarriage, Fetal Development, Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy, Systematic ReviewAbstract
Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) significantly influences pregnancy outcomes, yet the extent of its impact remains inadequately explored. This study addresses the knowledge gap regarding the implications of AIT on maternal and neonatal health. A systematic review was conducted, analyzing peer-reviewed articles published between [insert date range] that focused on pregnant women diagnosed with AIT. The review included studies that assessed various maternal and neonatal outcomes, with data extracted using a standardized form. The findings reveal that AIT is associated with an increased risk of complications such as preterm birth, miscarriage, and impaired fetal development. Notably, the meta-analysis indicated that pregnant women with untreated AIT are at higher risk for adverse outcomes compared to those receiving appropriate thyroid hormone replacement therapy. These results underscore the critical need for proactive screening and management of thyroid disorders in pregnant women. The study's implications suggest that healthcare providers should adopt a more vigilant approach to monitor thyroid function in pregnant patients with AIT, facilitating timely interventions that may mitigate risks to both mother and child. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to further elucidate the long-term effects of AIT on maternal and child health outcomes and to develop standardized guidelines for the management of thyroid disorders during pregnancy.
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