GENDER CHARACTERISTICS OF RISK FACTORS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN PATIENTS OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS

Abstract

Objective. To study the gender characteristics of risk factors and assess their relationship with the development of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients of different age groups. Material and methods. The study included 188 men and women with Q and non-Q MI aged 45–74 years, divided into 4 groups based on gender and age. In all patients, clinical and anamnestic data, indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, levels of sex hormones, C-reactive protein were assessed, the levels of hypodynamia, depression and anxiety were assessed using questionnaires. To determine the relationship between risk factors (RF) and the development of MI using statistical methods, mathematical models were developed to assess the ratio of the odds of developing non-fatal cases of MI for the male and female patient population. Outcomes. For the examined men, the most significant RFs for the development of MI were: smoking, lipid metabolism disorders, excess body weight; for elderly men, additional RFs were carbohydrate metabolism disorders with the development of insulin resistance, as well as a predominantly abdominal type of obesity. For women with MI, the most significant RF were carbohydrate metabolism disorders, mainly due to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, obesity with the development of its abdominal type, and lipid metabolism disorders. Conclusion. The developed mathematical models for assessing the odds ratio make it possible to estimate the likelihood of developing non-fatal MI in men and women, taking into account their age and RF set.