Effect of Career Development on Employee Performance in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria (2013 – 2023)
Keywords:
Career Development, Employee Performance, Factor Analysis, training, mentoring, professional developmentAbstract
The study examined the effect of career development on employee performance at Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The aim of the study was to understand how career development initiatives affect employee performance within an academic setting like Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The study was guided by three specific objectives, and accordingly, three research questions and hypotheses were formulated. The study was anchored on the Human Capital Development Theory and utilized a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study consisted of 4,952 staff members of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The Taro Yamane (1964) formula was used to calculate a sample size of 371. Data were collected only from primary sources through the use of questionnaire, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics, including factor analysis, t-test, and linear regression model. The demographic profiles were processed using descriptive statistics, and the first three objectives were subjected to factor analysis. Subsequently, the three objectives were analyzed using descriptive statistics (such as percentages, mean, and standard deviation) and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model. T-test and F-test statistics were used to test the hypotheses and the overall model fitness. All analyses were conducted using SPSS version 23. The findings revealed that all the three coefficients; training, mentoring, and professional development have significant positive effect on employee performance at Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The study concluded that training, mentoring, and professional development are significant determinants of employee performance. Among other recommendations, the study suggests enhancing training programs, given their significant effect on employee performance, and encourages Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, to invest in the continuous improvement and expansion of its training initiatives.
References
1. Aguinis, H., & Kraiger, K. (2019). Benefits of training and development for individuals and teams, organizations, and society. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 451-474.
2. Allen, T. D., Eby, L. T., Poteet, M. L., Lentz, E., & Lima, L. (2018). Career benefits associated with mentoring for protégés: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89 (1), 127-136.
3. Amaeshi, U. F. (2019). Career management and productivity in Nigerian organizations. PM World Journal Career Management and Productivity in Nigerian Organizations, 8 (10), 1-22.
4. Armstrong, M. (2021). Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice (15th Ed.). Kogan Page.
5. Chiaburu, D. S., & Tekleab, A. G. (2016). Individual and contextual influences on multiple dimensions of training effectiveness. Journal of European Industrial Training, 29(8), 604-626.
6. Chukwu, E. (2024). The effect of career development on employee performance in the public sector in Nigeria. Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research, 13 (1), 101-118.
7. Clutterbuck, D. (2016). Mentoring and coaching in the workplace. Routledge.
8. Delbari, S., Rajaipour, S. & Abedini, Y. (2021). Investigating the relationship between career development and productivity with the mediating role of self-regulation among university staff. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 13(3), 759-781.
9. Firman, A. (2021). The effect of career development on employee performance at Aswin Hotel and Spa Makassar. Journal of Management Business, 8(1), 133 - 146.
10. Garavan, T. N., Hogan, C., & Cahir-O'Donnell, A. (2019). Developing managers and leaders: Perspectives, debates, and practices in Ireland. Gill & Macmillan.
11. Guskey, T. R. (2018). Evaluating professional development. Corwin Press.
12. Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2022). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268-279.
13. Kakui, I. M. & Gachunga, H. (2016). Effects of career development on employee performance in the public sector: A case of National Cereals and Produce Board. The Strategic Journal of Business and Management, 3 (19), 307-324.
14. Kibui, A. W., Gachunga, H. & Namusonge, G. S. (2014). Role of talent management on employees retention in Kenya: A Survey of state corporations in Kenya: Empirical review. International Journal of Science and Research, 3(2), 414-424.
15. Luh, P. P. K. & Dewi, A S. K. (2020). The effect of career development on employee performance through work satisfaction as a variable of mediation. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 22 (1), 1-7.
16. Mwanje, S. (2020). Career development and staff motivation in the banking industry: A case study of the Bank of Uganda. (Unpublished Masters’ dissertation). Makerere University, Uganda.
17. National Staff Development Council (NSDC). (2021). Standards for staff development. National Staff Development Council.
18. Noe, R. A. (2020). Employee training and development (8th Ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
19. Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2017). Fundamentals of human resource management (6th Ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
20. Peltier, J. W., Schibrowsky, J. A., & Drago, W. (2020). The interrelationship between employee development programs, employee motivation, and organizational performance. Journal of Business Research, 20 (4), 101-115.
21. Ragins, B. R., & Kram, K. E. (Eds.). (2017). The handbook of mentoring at work: Theory, research, and practice. SAGE Publications.
22. Robbins, S. P., (2020). Essentials of organizational behavior (10th Ed.), Pearson education, Inc., publishing as prentice hall, upper saddle river, New Jersey, USA.
23. Robles, M. M. (2016). Executive perceptions of the top 10 soft skills needed in today's workplace. Business Communication Quarterly, 75(4), 453-465.
24. Subashini, J.K.W. (2019). Career development for performance enhancement of non-academic staff in higher education institutes in Wayamba University of Sri Lanka. 978-955-7442-25-9.
25. Swap, W., Leonard, D., Shields, M., & Abrams, L. (2021). Using mentoring and storytelling to transfer knowledge in the workplace. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(1), 95-114.
